Paushad (also written Paushadh/Posadh/Posaha) is a sacred lay practice in Jainism in which a householder lives like a monk or nun for a set time, usually a full day. Its aim is to stop new karmas (samvar) and shed old karmas (nirjara) by imitating monastic conduct as closely as possible.

Key points

• Meaning: “Living near the vows.” A shravak/shravika temporarily adopts the discipline of sadhus/sadhvis.
• When observed: Commonly on the 8th and 14th lunar days of each fortnight (Ashtami and Chaturdashi). Many also do it on new/full moon days and during Paryushan/Das Lakshana, as per local maryada.
• Core spirit: Ahimsa, self-restraint, simplicity, and continuous dharma-upasana throughout the period.

How it is typically observed

• Take the Paushad vow (sankalp) from a guru; if not available, in front of Jina images/scripture.
• Stay in an upashraya/derasar or a separate clean room treated like one.
• Keep full celibacy; avoid business/household work, travel, entertainment, adornment, perfumes.
• Speak very little; preferably maintain silence except for necessary dharma activity.
• Diet: either complete fast, or take very simple, limited food before sunset only; only filtered water.
• Daily schedule: repeated samayik, pratikraman, svadhyaya (scripture study), stavan, prarthana, pratyakhyan, kayotsarga/meditation; gently sweep the sitting/walking place to avoid himsa; sleep on the floor or a simple mat.
• Conclude with pratikraman and proper visarjan (ending) of the vow.

Notes by tradition

• Shvetambar: Often called Posadh. Emphasis on multiple samayiks and both morning/evening pratikraman. Some observe variants like half‑day (ek‑paushad), full‑day (be‑paushad), or longer by local practice.
• Digambar: Called Paushadha-vrata in Shravakachara texts. Strong insistence on monk-like restraint, usually with upavasa (fast) and very strict limits on movement, speech, and possessions. External worship is minimized; focus is on internal austerity and study.

Purpose and fruits

• Strengthens the 12 vows of a householder.
• Deepens aparigraha (non‑possessiveness) and self‑control.
• Creates powerful samvar and nirjara, aiding spiritual progress toward purity of the soul.

In short, Paushad is a disciplined “monk-for-a-day” practice for lay Jains, meant to purify conduct and accelerate spiritual growth while carefully following traditional Jain guidelines.