Most important sutra
In Jain Dharma, the most important and universal sutra is the Namokar (Navkar) Mantra.
Original (Prakrit):
- णमो अरिहंताणं
- णमो सिद्धाणं
- णमो आयरियाणं
- णमो उवज्झायाणं
- णमो लोए सव्वसाहूणं
- एसो पंच णमोक्कारो, सव्वपावप्पणासणो।
- मंगलाणं च सव्वेसिं, पडमं हवई मंगलं॥
Simple meaning (arth):
- I bow to the Arihants (perfect beings who have destroyed inner passions).
- I bow to the Siddhas (liberated souls).
- I bow to the Acharyas (spiritual heads).
- I bow to the Upadhyayas (spiritual teachers).
- I bow to all Sadhus and Sadhvis (monks and nuns) in the world.
- This fivefold salutation destroys all sins.
- Among all auspicious things, this is the foremost auspicious one.
Notes from tradition:
- Accepted by both Shwetambar and Digambar traditions. Only minor phonetic differences appear in pronunciation; the meaning and reverence are the same.
- The first five lines are the core mantra saluting the Panch Parmesthi. The last two lines state its greatness and auspiciousness.
- It is a bow to virtues, not a request for worldly favors, and is recited at the beginning of almost all Jain practices.
How to recite (simple guidance):
- Sit calmly, keep a pure intention, and recite slowly with awareness of each group you salute.
- Daily repetition with right faith helps in samvar (stoppage) and nirjara (shedding) of karmas, cultivating humility and inner peace.
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