Why is paryushan observed

Paryushan is observed as one of the most important and sacred festivals in Jainism. It is a time dedicated to spiritual upliftment, self-discipline, and purification of the soul. The word "Paryushan" means "to stay in one place" or "to come together," symbolizing a period of introspection and community unity.

The primary reasons for observing Paryushan are:

1. Atonement and Forgiveness: During Paryushan, Jains focus on self-reflection, repentance for past wrongdoings (pratikraman), and seeking forgiveness (ksamapana) from others. This helps in reducing negative karma and promoting peace and harmony.

1. Spiritual Purification: Jains increase their spiritual activities such as fasting, meditation, prayer, and study of scriptures (Agamas). This enhances their spiritual growth and helps in purifying the mind and soul.

1. Renunciation and Self-Control: Paryushan encourages practicing ahimsa (non-violence), satya (truth), brahmacharya (chastity), aparigraha (non-possessiveness), and other vows, fostering discipline and detachment from materialistic desires.

1. Scriptural Study: Special emphasis is given to listening to and studying Jain scriptures, which helps in gaining right knowledge (samyak jnana) and understanding the path to liberation (moksha).

1. Community Bonding: The festival brings the Jain community together for collective prayers, rituals, and discourses, strengthening communal harmony and shared values.

For Shwetambar Jains, Paryushan lasts 8 days, culminating in Samvatsari (the day of forgiveness), while Digambar Jains observe Das Lakshan Parva for 10 days, focusing on ten universal virtues (dasha dharma).

In essence, Paryushan is observed to purify the soul, seek forgiveness, reinforce ethical values, and progress on the path to liberation as taught in Jain philosophy.