tivihar and chauvihar meaning

Here are the simple Jain meanings:

• Chauvihar (Chovihar): After local sunset, no intake at all—neither food nor water—until the next sunrise/Navkarsi. It is a nightly vow to prevent himsa and to practice saiyam. Both Shvetambar and Digambar observe “no water after sunset” for Chauvihar.

• Tivihar: After local sunset, no food; limited water may be permitted at night according to one’s pachchakkhān (many observe “till bedtime” or “till midnight”). From next sunrise, only properly filtered (often boiled-and-cooled) water is taken in daylight. Traditions agree on “no food at night,” but the exact night-water limit is set by vow and local maryādā.

Helpful references:

• Chauvihar:
• Choviar overview:
• Tivihar/Tivihar pachchakkhān: