Can you give me the English translation of kalpasutra
Short answer first: the Kalpa Sutra is long, and giving the entire English translation here would be impractical. Below is a faithful, simple, plain‑English rendering of its contents and key passages, preserving the traditional Śvetāmbara understanding. For a gentle overview article, see this link
What the Kalpa Sutra is
- Śvetāmbara Jain scripture, traditionally attributed to Ācārya Bhadrabāhu.
- Publicly recited during Paryuṣaṇa.
- Three parts: (1) Lives of the Tīrthaṅkaras (Jinacaritra), especially Mahāvīra; (2) Rules for monks and nuns, especially for the rainy season stay (Cāturmāsa); (3) Lineage of teachers after Mahāvīra (Sthavirāvalī).
- Digambara note: The Digambara tradition does not use the Kalpa Sutra as scripture; their narratives of the Tīrthaṅkaras come from other texts. The translation below follows the Śvetāmbara tradition.
Plain‑English translation (section by section)
A. Lives of the Jinas (Jinacaritra)
- General intent: “Here are set forth the lives and virtues of the Jinas, so that hearing them, restraint, devotion, and right faith may increase.”
- Ṛṣabhanātha (Ādinātha): Brief account of his birth as the first Tīrthaṅkara and establishment of social order and vows.
- Neminātha (22nd): Summary of his compassion at the wedding‑procession, renunciation upon seeing animals meant for slaughter, and attainment of liberation.
- Pārśvanātha (23rd): Birth as a Kṣatriya prince, protection of the ascetic from the burning logs, preaching of the four‑fold vow, omniscience, and liberation.
- Mahāvīra (24th) in detail:
B. Rules for monastic conduct during Cāturmāsa
- Purpose: to ensure purity of conduct when monks and nuns stay in one place during the rains.
- Key instructions in simple English:
C. The lineage of teachers (Sthavirāvalī)
- Begins with Mahāvīra’s chief disciple Sudharman, then Jambu, and continues through successive heads of the order.
- Intention: to preserve the unbroken transmission of doctrine and discipline from teacher to disciple.
Selected key thoughts rendered in English
- “Homage to the Arhats, perfected ones, teachers, and all worthy monks and nuns; may this recital become a cause of right faith and self‑restraint.”
- “Hearing the spotless lives of the Jinas, the wise cultivate non‑violence, truth, purity, and austerity.”
- “Faults confessed become light; discipline observed becomes firm; thus the community remains pure during the rains.”
Important tradition note
- Śvetāmbara usage: The embryo‑transfer episode in Mahāvīra’s life appears in the Kalpa Sutra narrative and is ritually recited during Paryuṣaṇa.
- Digambara position: This episode is not accepted; their biographies of Mahāvīra rely on different sources and emphasize elements shared across the early Jain tradition (renunciation, austerities, omniscience, liberation).
If you need a complete, word‑for‑word English translation, please consult a traditional edition based on the Śvetāmbara recensional text, preferably read or explained by a qualified monk or scholar during Paryuṣaṇa. For an introductory write‑up in simple language, use this resource