“Ashta-pratihārya” (also written Ashta-pratiharya) means the eight auspicious, divine manifestations that always accompany a Tirthankar after Keval-jnan, especially in the Samavasaran (divine preaching assembly). They signify the unique spiritual glory of the Arihant and do not occur with any other being.

The eight pratihāryas 1) Ashoka Vriksha – the auspicious wish-fulfilling tree over the Tirthankar’s seat, symbol of freedom from sorrow. 2) Simhasan – the lion-throne on which the Tirthankar is seated, sign of supreme spiritual authority. 3) Bhāmandal – the radiant halo around the head, showing unmatched spiritual brilliance. 4) Tri-chhatra – the triple canopy above, indicating sovereignty over the three worlds. 5) Chāmar – fly-whisks waved with devotion, sign of highest honor. 6) Pushpa-vrishti – continuous shower of celestial flowers, symbol of purity and devotion. 7) Deva-dundubhi – divine drum-sounds that announce the Tirthankar’s preaching. 8) Divya-dhvani – the divine sermon that every listener understands in their own language.

Notes on traditions

• Both Digambar and Shvetambar traditions accept these eight as the Tirthankar’s unique excellences around the Samavasaran. Names or ordering can vary slightly in some texts or regional traditions (for example, some descriptions highlight auspicious banners or lamps among the signs), but the core idea and the above set are widely accepted.

For a simple overview, see this short note on Ashta Pratiharya