In Jain Dharma, both Satya and Ārjava are core virtues, but they focus on different aspects of conduct.

• Satya (Truthfulness)

- What it is: Speaking truth that is non‑harmful, beneficial, and measured. - Focus: Primarily on right speech (with right intention). It also presupposes truthful thought and action, but the vow is centered on speech. - What it restrains: Lies, deceitful words, slander, gossip, exaggeration, and even “truth” used to hurt or harm. - Place in vows/virtues: One of the five vows (for monks as Mahāvrata; for laypeople as Anuvrata) and also counted among the Ten Dharmas (Uttam Satya).

• Ārjava (Straightforwardness)

- What it is: Simplicity and sincerity—absence of crookedness or duplicity—in mind, speech, and body (trikaraṇa-śuddhi). - Focus: An inner quality of non‑hypocrisy that keeps thought, word, and deed aligned. - What it restrains: All forms of maya (deceit), fraud, pretence, manipulation, double‑dealing, and spiritual hypocrisy. - Place in vows/virtues: Counted among the Ten Dharmas (Uttam Ārjava); it undergirds all vows by removing inner crookedness.

Simple way to remember the difference

• Satya = the content of what you say must be true and non‑hurtful.
• Ārjava = the condition of your heart, speech, and actions must be straight and free from deceit.
• Relationship: Ārjava is the inner straightness that makes Satya steady and pure; without Ārjava, one can “speak truth” yet still be manipulative. Without Satya, one may feel sincere yet speak untruth.

Digambar and Shvetambar views

• Both traditions equally uphold Satya and Ārjava. In Digambar practice during Das‑Lakshan Parva, each has a dedicated day (Uttam Ārjava and Uttam Satya). Shvetambar texts and conduct codes also affirm them; differences are in festival observance styles, not in the essence of these virtues.

Daily practice pointers

• For Satya: Before speaking, check—Is it true? Is it non‑harmful? Is it beneficial? Is it the right time?
• For Ārjava: Keep your intention clean; align thought‑word‑deed; avoid any form of pretense in dealings, business, or devotion.

For a concise overview of the Ten Dharmas (including Uttam Ārjava and Uttam Satya), see this reference from JainKnowledge:

• Das Lakshan/Ten Dharmas
• Vows overview (Satya as a vow)