Explain reason for paryushan

Paryushan is one of the most important annual festivals in Jainism, observed primarily by the Shvetambara sect (the Digambara sect observes a similar festival called Das Lakshan Parva). The main reasons for celebrating Paryushan are:

1. Spiritual Purification: Paryushan is a time for self-purification and spiritual upliftment. Jains engage in intensified practices such as fasting, meditation, prayer, and scriptural study to cleanse their minds and souls of accumulated karmas.

2. Practice of Forgiveness: During Paryushan, Jains focus on cultivating forgiveness (kshama). On the last day, known as Samvatsari, Jains ask for forgiveness from all living beings for any harm caused knowingly or unknowingly, embodying the principle of ahimsa (non-violence).

3. Reflection and Repentance: Jains reflect on their actions throughout the year and perform pratikraman (introspection and repentance), seeking to correct their mistakes and resolve to lead a more virtuous life.

4. Reaffirmation of Jain Values: The festival emphasizes the core values of Jainism such as non-violence, truthfulness, non-stealing, celibacy, and non-possessiveness. Through various rituals and observances, Jains renew their commitment to these principles.

5. Community and Scriptural Study: Paryushan is also a time for communal gatherings, listening to discourses (pravachans), and studying Jain scriptures like the Kalpasutra. This strengthens the knowledge and unity among Jains.

In summary, Paryushan serves as a period of intense spiritual practice, self-discipline, and ethical reflection, helping Jains progress on the path of liberation (moksha).