In Jain time‑cosmology, Bhagwan Mahavira appeared in the present descending half‑cycle (Avasarpini), during the 5th era called Pancham Kaal (Duhsama). He is the 24th Tirthankar of this Avasarpini.

Tradition-specific historical dates:

• Shwetambar: 599–527 BCE
• Digambar: 615–535 BCE