In Jain Dharma, the “science of moksha” (moksha-śāstra) is the precise, time-tested doctrine that explains how the soul becomes forever free from karma and saṁsāra. In very simple terms:

1) What is Moksha

• The soul (jīva) attains its pure nature: infinite knowledge, perception, bliss, and energy, and abides at the top of the universe (Siddhaśilā), never to return to rebirth.

2) Why we are bound

• Karmic matter flows in (āsrava) and binds (bandha) due to passions (kaṣāyas: anger, pride, deceit, greed) and attachment/aversion (rāga–dveṣa). These color the soul (leśyā) and obscure its purity.
• Liberation needs stopping new inflow (saṁvara) and shedding the old stock (nirjarā).

3) The path (Moksha-mārga)

• Three Jewels (Ratnatraya):

• Right Faith (samyak-darśana) • Right Knowledge (samyak-jñāna) • Right Conduct (samyak-cāritra)

• Ethical discipline:

• For monks/nuns: Mahāvratas (absolute non-violence, truth, non-stealing, celibacy, non-possession). • For laypeople: Aṇuvratas (limited forms) plus supplementary vows and daily repentance (pratikramaṇa).

• Inner purification:

• Conquest of passions, vigilance over thoughts–speech–body, equanimity (samaik), meditation (dhyāna), austerities (tapas), forgiveness, humility, and non-attachment.

• Karmic mechanics you actively apply:

• Saṁvara: restraint, carefulness, vows, watchfulness stop new karma. • Nirjarā: austerities, devotion, contemplation, and especially passionlessness burn off stored karma.

4) Stages of growth

• The soul advances through fourteen guṇasthānas (spiritual stages), culminating in kevala-jñāna (omniscience) and, after the body’s end, moksha.

5) The result

• A perfected being (Siddha) is bodiless, passionless, all-knowing, ever-blissful—this is the scientific “end-state” of Jain soteriology.

Digambara and Śvetāmbara: essential unity

• Both traditions unanimously uphold the Ratnatraya, the karma doctrine (āsrava–bandha–saṁvara–nirjarā–moksha), conquest of passions, vows, meditation, and the guṇasthāna ladder as the authentic route to liberation.
• Scriptural canons and some practices differ in detail and emphasis, but there is no difference in the fundamental science and goal of moksha.

Helpful reads on the same topic:

• Karma theory and its shedding (saṁvara–nirjarā):
• Passions (kaṣāyas) that bind the soul:
• Ratnatraya and the path to moksha (simple Q&A):