Upvas (fasting) in Jainism is a form of tapas (austerity) that helps purify the soul by reducing the influx of karmas and strengthening self-control.

Key points about the punya (merit) of upvas:

• karmic merit: observing upvas generates positive merit by sticking to non-violence, truth, and self-restraint.
• mind and intention: fasting helps calm the mind, increase compassion, and reduce cravings and ego.
• restraint and discipline: it strengthens self-discipline, which supports right conduct (satya, non-violence, celibacy, etc.).
• spiritual focus: during upvas one often studies scriptures, meditates, and reflects on one’s actions, which deepens spiritual awareness.
• social harmony: many Jain fasts are practiced with a spirit of harmony and concern for all living beings, reinforcing ahimsa (non-violence).

Notes on differences:

• Digambar and Śvetambar traditions may have slightly different rules or formats for upvas (such as the duration, whether food is taken at all, or the kinds of prāyas and prayers performed). The underlying aim in both is self-purity and reduction of karmic influence.

If you’d like, I can share a simple, step-by-step outline of a common upvas observance and its intended spiritual aims in more detail.