Michhami Dukkadam is a Jain expression used to ask for forgiveness and goodwill toward all beings, especially during festivals like Paryushana or after a visit to a temple. It is an act of humility and a pledge to avoid harming others in the future.

• Meaning (arth): I seek forgiveness for any harm I may have caused, knowingly or unknowingly, to all living beings. May all beings forgive me, and may I live with non-violence and compassion.

• Simple phrases you can use (common forms):

- Michhami Dukkadam: I seek forgiveness for any distress I may have caused. - May all beings be well, may all beings be happy, and may I practice non-violence toward all.

• Traditions note: The exact wording and pronunciation can differ between Digambar and Śvetambar traditions. If you’d like, I can provide the precise phrases used in each tradition along with their literal meanings.

If you want, I can look up authentic Jain scripture quotations (original text) and give you precise, tradition-specific lines.