Anekantavada is the Jain doctrine of non-absolutism. Its core ideas:

• Reality is complex and can be seen from many sides. No single view captures the whole truth.
• Truth is contextual. A statement can be true from one perspective and not true from another, depending on the observer’s viewpoint.
• Syadvada (the “statement of contingents”): truth is expressed in conditional forms, often as "perhaps [it is]…", to acknowledge multiple possible states. This includes the idea that things may be perceived as existing, not existing, both, and neither, under different conditions.
• Nayavada (perspectives or vantage points): every moment of experience is shaped by a particular point of view (naya), such as the standpoint of the observer, the instrument, time, etc. Each naya offers partial insight, not the complete picture.
• Anekantavada guides ethical conduct: recognizing multiplicity of truth encourages tolerance, humility, and non-violence toward others’ views.

Traditionally, these ideas are taught with respect to both Digambar and Śvetambar traditions, though there are variations in emphasis and phrasing between them.

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