In Jainism, the "four lakshanas (characteristics) of Atma (soul)" are fundamental attributes that define the true nature of the soul. These are:

1. Upyoga (Consciousness or Awareness):

The soul possesses the inherent quality of knowing (jnana) and perceiving (darshana). This is the primary characteristic distinguishing the soul from non-living matter (ajiva).

1. Eternal Existence (Anadi-Anantata):

The soul is eternal; it has neither a beginning nor an end. It exists forever, going through cycles of birth and rebirth.

1. Self-existence (Swayam-Siddhata):

The soul exists by itself and does not depend on anything else for its existence.

1. Doer and Enjoyer (Karta-Bhokta):

The soul is the doer of its actions (karma) and also the enjoyer or sufferer of the results of those actions.

These four lakshanas help in understanding the distinct and independent identity of the soul in Jain philosophy.