Micchāmi Dukkaddam is a Jain practice of seeking forgiveness for any wrong done to others in thoughts, words, or deeds. When someone says it to you, you can respond simply and respectfully with one of these:

• Khamat Kariye (Please forgive me)
• Michchhami Dukkaddam (Even if you are the one giving it, you can reply with this to acknowledge forgiveness)
• Shantam Hare (Peace be with you) — a gentle closing sentiment

In Digambar tradition:

• A common reply is Khamat Kariye or Michchhami Dukkaddam.

In Shwetambar tradition:

• A common reply is Michchhami Dukkaddam or Khamat Kariye as well.

Meaning (arth): You acknowledge that you may have harmed the other person through body, speech, or mind, and you request forgiveness. It is a mutual act of lifting offenses and renewing harmony.

When to use: Especially during Paryushan and Samvatsari, but you can use these phrases any time you wish to apologize or forgive.