Paryushan is a major Jain festival for inner purification, self-discipline and forgiveness. The two main traditions differ a little in duration and daily focus, but the core aim is the same: deepen right faith, right knowledge and right conduct.

Significance by day (Shwetambar and general self-study emphasis)

• 1st Day: Preparation and prayers — orient the mind for the festival, seek forgiveness for past harms.
• 2nd Day: Reflection and study — read, listen to, and reflect on Jain scriptures; swadhyay (self-study).
• 3rd Day: Repentance (Alochana) — acknowledge past mistakes and seek to change.
• 4th Day: Self-discipline (Tapasya) — observe fasting, restraint and self-control.
• 5th Day: Forgiveness (Kshama) — cultivate forgiveness towards others and seek forgiveness from them.
• 6th Day: Universal friendship (Maitri) — practice goodwill and compassion toward all beings.
• 7th Day: Spiritual elevation — deepen meditation, charity and virtuous conduct.
• 8th Day: Samvatsari (Day of Forgiveness) — the climax: intense Pratikraman, confession and the ritual saying Michhami Dukkadam (I seek your forgiveness).

Significance by day (Digambar Das Lakshana Parva; 10 days)

• 1. Kshama — Supreme forgiveness
• 2. Mardava — Humility
• 3. Arjava — Straightforwardness
• 4. Shaucha — Purity/Contentment
• 5. Satya — Truth
• 6. Samyam — Self-restraint
• 7. Tapa — Austerity
• 8. Tyag — Renunciation/Charity
• 9. Akinchanya — Non-possessiveness
• 10. Brahmacharya — Chastity/Celibacy

Samvatsari (the last day in both traditions) is especially important: many observe a fast and perform a thorough Pratikraman to seek forgiveness from all beings and to resolve not to repeat past mistakes. The phrase Michhami Dukkadam (Khamahu Savva Jiva) is commonly spoken or whispered as a formal request for forgiveness.

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