What is meaning of namokar mantra

Namokar Mantra, also called Navkar Mantra, is the foundational Jain prayer. It consists of five salutations to the supreme spiritual beings, followed by a verse about removing sins and recognizing the auspicious nature of this mantra.

Original text (Prakrit, five lines)

• Namo Arihantanam
• Namo Siddhanam
• Namo Ayariyanam
• Namo Uvajjhayanam
• Namo Loe Savva-sahu nanam

Meaning (arth)

• Namo Arihantanam: I bow to the Arihants—the souls who have conquered inner enemies (karmas) and attained kevala jñana.
• Namo Siddhanam: I bow to the Siddhas—the liberated souls who have completed their karmic bondage.
• Namo Ayariyanam: I bow to the Acharyas—the spiritual leaders who guide disciples.
• Namo Uvajjhayanam: I bow to the Upadhyayas—the preceptors/teachers of scriptures.
• Namo Loe Savva-sahuṇam: I bow to all Sadhus and Sadhvis—the monks and nuns who practice disciplined renunciation.

Further lines (purpose of the mantra)

• Eso pancha namokaro: These five bowings
• Savva-pavappaṇasano: destroy all sins
• Mangalanam chaSavvesim: among all auspicious things, this is supreme
• Padhamam havaii mangalam: this Navkar Mantra is the foremost auspicious one

Tradition notes

• The five salutes are to the guṇa (virtues) of the enlightened beings, not to individual gods. This is central to Jain practice and emphasizes renunciation, purifying conduct, and the path to liberation.
• There are minor spelling variants and word forms in Digambar and Shwetambar traditions, but the essential meaning and order remain the same.

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