In Jain cosmology, the earth (Jambudvipa) is described as flat and circular, like a disc. It is imagined with mountains and oceans in a layered, circular arrangement rather than as a globe. This view is part of ancient Jain texts and symbolism, not a scientific statement about the real shape of the planet. Modern science describes the Earth as a sphere (an oblate spheroid). There are no important doctrinal disputes about this between Digambar and Shwetambar traditions, though accents and details in cosmology texts may vary.

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