Here is a simple, authentic overview of why Jainism is divided into two main sects:

• Names and idea of clothing: The two main groups are Digambar (sky-clothed) and Shwetambar (white-clothed). The names refer to the monks’ attire: Digambar monks traditionally renounce all clothing (they are nude), while Shwetambar monks wear white robes.

• Historical split: The division emerged in the early centuries CE as differences in doctrine, scriptural authority, and monastic practices developed among Jain communities. Both sides claimed to follow Mahavira’s teachings, but they diverged on several important points.

• Key doctrinal differences:

- Moksha for women: Shwetambar tradition generally sustains the view that women can achieve liberation (moksha) in this life or future lives. Digambar tradition holds that women cannot attain moksha without being reborn as a man first. - Canon and scripture: Digambars tend to be more conservative about which scriptures represent Mahavira’s teachings and often rely on different sets of texts than the Śvetāmbar tradition. This has fed differences in ritual practice and philosophical emphasis. - Monastic rules and practices: There are differences in the rules governing monks and nuns, lay practices, and certain rituals (for example, interpretations around sallekhana, vegetarian practice, and daily observances).

• Shared core beliefs: Despite the divisions, both sects share the fundamental Jain worldview:

- Ahimsa (non-violence) in thought, word, and deed - Aparigraha (non-attachment) - Anekantavada (non-absolutism) and Syadvada (dependent upon perspective) - The karma theory, the cycle of birth and rebirth (samsara), and the ultimate goal of liberation (moksha)

• What to know if you’re exploring: Each sect has its own sub-traditions and communities, and many Jain communities practice a blend of customs from both sides in daily life. The differences are real in doctrine and practice, but the vast majority of Jain beliefs—respect for life, non-violence, and striving for liberation—are shared.

If you’d like, I can provide a brief, side-by-side comparison of specific beliefs (like scriptures considered authoritative, roles of monks and nuns, and views on moksha for women) from either Digambar or Śvetāmbar sources.