Digambar and Shvetambar are the two main sects of Jainism. Both share the core Jain goals (ahimsa, aparigraha, anekantavada) but differ in practices, scriptures, and certain beliefs.

Key differences

• Dress and monastic life

- Digambara: monks practice complete renunciation of possessions, including clothing. They are traditionally naked. Women cannot become full monks in this tradition. - Shvetambara: monks (and nuns) wear simple white clothes.

• Scriptures and canons

- Digambara: do not accept the Shvetambara Agamas as authoritative. They follow other texts such as the Satkhandagama, Dhavalagrantha (and related works) that they regard as closer to Mahavira’s teachings. - Shvetambara: accept the canonical Agamas ( scriptures in Ardhamagadhi) as authoritative and central to their practice.

• Beliefs about liberation and gender

- Digambara: emphasize that complete naked renunciation is essential for certain spiritual progress; traditionally hold that women must be reborn as men to achieve moksha. - Shvetambara: teach that women can attain moksha in their female form and emphasize inclusive paths for both genders.

• Iconography

- Digambara: Tirthankaras are depicted without clothes and with downcast eyes. - Shvetambara: Tirthankaras are depicted clothed (often with open eyes and more ornate iconography).

• Practices and daily life

- Digambara: monks carry a peacock-feather broom (picchī) and a water vessel; minimal possessions. - Shvetambara: monks and nuns may carry similar items but generally maintain a simpler practice, with clothing as part of their renunciation.

Where these differences come from

• Historical origins: both traditions trace lineage to Mahavira but diverged after certain historical events and councils, leading to different texts, rules, and practices.
• Textual authority: Digambaras claim loss or alteration of some early teachings and reject portions of the Shvetambara canon; Shvetambaras uphold the Agamas as handed down by their tradition.

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