Navkar Mantra (Namokar Mantra) — text and simple explanation

Original text (Prakrit; five lines) णमो अरिहंताणं णमो सिद्धाणं णमो आयरियाणं णमो उवज्ज्झायाणं णमो लोए सव्वसाहूणं

Concluding lines (often recited together) Eso pañca namokkāro, savva-pāppāṇāsano Mangalanam ca savvesim, paḍhamam havai mangalam

Arth (meaning) in simple words

• Namo Arihantanam: I bow to the Arihants, those who have conquered inner passions and attained kevala jñāna.
• Namo Siddhanam: I bow to the Siddhas, liberated souls who have ended the cycle of birth and death.
• Namo Ayariyanam: I bow to the Āchāryas, the spiritual teachers who guide the monks and lay followers.
• Namo Uvajjhāyāṇam: I bow to the Upādhyāyas, the preceptors who teach scriptures and conduct.
• Namo Loē Savva-sāhūṇam: I bow to all Sādhu and Sādhuvī, the monks and nuns who live in disciplined renunciation.

Additional lines meaning:

• Eso pañca namokkāro: These five salutations.
• Savva-pāppāṇāsano: Destroy all sins.
• Mangalanam ca savvesim: Among all auspicious things, this is supreme.
• Padhamam havai mangalam: This Navkar Mantra is the foremost auspicious one.

Notes you should know

• The five salutes are to the virtues of the Panch Parameṣṭhi (Arihant, Siddha, Āchārya, Upādhyāya, Sadhu/Sadhvi), not to individual gods.
• Both Śvetāmbara and Digambara traditions recite this mantra; there are only minor spelling or pronunciation differences (e.g., Ayariyāṇam vs Ayariyāṇaṃ, Uvājjhāyāṇaṃ vs Uvajjhāyāṇaṃ). The core meaning stays the same.
• The concluding verse is widely used in Śvetāmbara practice; Digambar practice may sometimes foreground the five lines, but agrees with the same purpose and meaning.

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