Please explain all realms of existence in Jainism one by one

Here is the Jain view of all realms (lokas) of existence, explained simply one by one. The system is often spoken of as three broad worlds, with Siddhashila at the very top for liberated souls.

• Siddhashila (realm of the liberated)

- The highest realm where souls who have attained kevaljnan (omniscience) stay in a state of complete freedom from karma. It is beyond the cycle of birth and death.

• Urdhva Loka (Upper World) – the heavenly realms

- This is the realm of Devas (gods) and other divine beings. In many descriptions it is said there are 16 major Devalokas (heavenly abodes), often grouped in sub-layers. The beings here live long, powerful lives and pursue spiritual progress, but they are still bound by karma and are not yet enlightened. - The Devalokas are described with various names in traditional lists (for example Saudharma, Ishana, Sanatkumara, Mahendra, Brahma, and others up to Achyuta). - Note: Different Jain texts present the exact enumeration with small variations, but the core idea is "upper heavenly realms." You can read more on the Deva-lokas and Siddhashila in Jain cosmology discussions.

• Madhya Loka (Middle World) – the human and animal world

- This is the central world where: - Humans (jivas) live and have the opportunity for spiritual progress and liberation. - Tiryanch (the beings that crawl or live on and under the earth), i.e., animals, birds, insects, plants, microbes, etc. - Vyantaradevas (intermediate gods) are also described as part of this realm in some texts. - The middle world includes Jambudvipa (the central continent) and Meru, etc., with oceans around them, forming the geography where many beings take birth. - Liberation is possible in this world; it is considered the primary arena for yoga, ascetic practice, and the path to moksha.

• Adho Loka (Lower World) – the hellish realms

- This is the realm of Narakas (hells) where beings suffer according to their karma. - There are seven Narakas mentioned in Jain cosmology (in some lists described with distinctive karmic fruits and tortures). The seven are described in traditional accounts as layers of increasing suffering. - Beings are not eternally condemned; suffering ends when their karma exhausts and they are reborn in a higher realm.

Where to read more (Jain Knowledge pages)

• How many lokas (three main worlds with Siddhashila at the top; plus finer sub-division details): You can read more here
• What are the realms of Jain cosmology (overview of upper, middle, and lower worlds): You can read more here
• How many realms are there (summary of the 14 lokas in three broad worlds): You can read more here

If you’d like, I can break down the exact names and sub-layers (for example, the 16 Devalokas and the specific Narakas) with the traditional terms used in Digambara vs. Śvetāmbara texts.