Here is the Jain Śvetāmbara understanding:

• 72 kalās (arts) were taught by Rushabhdev (Rishabhanath) to men. The exact enumerations of these Kalās can vary slightly between Digambar and Śvetāmbara traditions, but the core idea is a broad set of arts and crafts for sociocultural life. You can read more about the 72 kalās and their listings on JainKnowledge pages.

• For context, the tradition also speaks of 64 kalās (often associated with women) with variations between Digambar and Śvetāmbara lists. The exact items and order differ by lineage, but the concept remains that a wide range of skills and arts were prescribed for balanced learning. You can read a concise discussion of the 64 kalās and related variations on JainKnowledge.

Note:

• The lists are not fixed to a single universal set across all Śvetāmbara or Digambar texts; different traditions enumerate slightly different items but agree on the broad aim of cultivating diverse arts, crafts, and sciences for both genders.

If you’d like, I can present the exact enumerated lists side-by-side for Śvetāmbara and Digambar versions, drawn from authentic JainKnowledge discussions.