In Jain dharma, this question is answered quite clearly through the kāl-chakra (time cycle) teachings.

1. Can someone born on the first day of 5th āra get moksh in that very birth?

No – not from Bhārat kṣetra.

Both Digambar and Shvetambar traditions agree:

• In the 5th āra (Pancham kāl) of Bhārat and Airāvat kṣetra:

- No Tirthankar arises - No Kevali (omniscient) arises - No soul attains moksh from here in this era

So even if someone is extremely spiritual and does great sādhana, they can only create strong causes to take birth in Mahāvideh kṣetra (or in a future favourable āra), where they can then attain moksh.

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2. Can someone born on the last day of 4th āra get moksh in that very birth?

Yes – in principle, it is possible.

• In 4th āra (Dukhama–Sukhama), moksh is still possible from Bhārat kṣetra.
• Bhagwān Mahāvīr attained moksh near the very end of 4th āra.
• Jambu Swami, the last Kevali, attained moksh shortly after; his moksh is treated as occurring at the junction/transition of the 4th and 5th āra.

So, according to Jain logic:

• If a jīva is born on the last day of 4th āra,
• And in that life attains samyak darshan, right conduct, keval-jñān,
• Then moksh in that same birth is doctrinally possible, because the era is still one in which liberation from Bhārat is allowed.

(Practically, of course, that moment in time has already passed; so this is a theoretical question now.)

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3. What “changes” in that one day/night between end of 4th and start of 5th?

Spiritually, the change is not a sudden mood shift; it is a fixed boundary in the time-cycle decided by the nature of kāl and karmic law.

From the Jain viewpoint:

1. Continuous decline, but fixed cut-off

- Through the 4th āra, lifespan, strength, and spirituality are continuously going down. - At a certain exact point (decided in the cosmic time-cycle), the era officially changes to 5th āra. - From that moment onward, moksh from Bhārat is closed – not by arbitrary decision, but because: - No Tirthankars will be born here - No new Kevalins will arise here - The average spiritual capacity of beings, environment, life-span, etc. has gone below the minimum needed for moksh from this land.

1. Law of time, not a personal rule

- Just as after death the soul must go according to its karma (it cannot “decide” to stay in the old body), - In the same way, after that time-boundary, conditions of the universe must follow the 5th āra pattern: - Religion exists but is weak - Passions are stronger - True asceticism is extremely rare - No moksh from Bhārat–Airāvat

1. Moksh remains open elsewhere

- Even now, in this same overall time, Mahāvideh kṣetra is in an era like our 4th āra. - There, Tirthankars are present and jīvas are attaining moksh right now. - So the “change” is regional and temporal, not universal: - In Bhārat, the door to moksh is closed for the time being - In Mahāvideh, the door is still open

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4. So in simple terms

• Last day of 4th āra (Bhārat)

→ Moksh can be attained in that birth (if the soul is spiritually ready).

• First day of 5th āra (Bhārat)

→ Moksh cannot be attained from Bhārat in that birth, but one can prepare for moksh in a future birth in Mahāvideh or in a future favourable āra.

Nothing “magical” changes in one night inside the jīva itself; what changes is the cosmic time-slot and world-conditions decided by Jain kāl-chakra.