In Jain dharma, our scriptures do not give an exact number of human beings (like today’s “world population figures”) for the time of Adinath Bhagwan (Rishabhdev).

They describe the type and condition of human life, not a head‑count.

Very simply:

1. Time period (Avasarpini – early eras)

- Adinath Bhagwan lived in the earliest, most happy part of the present descending time‑cycle (Avasarpini), in Sukhamā‑sukhamā / Sukhamā‑duḥkhamā epochs. - In these eras, human beings were: - Very tall (many times our present height) - With very long life‑span (many years, even “pūrva” and “sāgaropam” units) - With very little sorrow compared to now

1. Bhog‑bhumi to Karma‑bhumi

- In the beginning, people lived in Bhog‑bhumi: - Food, clothes, shelter etc. came almost automatically from kalpavṛkṣa (wish‑fulfilling trees). - People did not work for livelihood. - When the kalpavṛkṣa started declining, needs increased and natural supply decreased. - Under Kulakara Nabhi Raja and then Adinath Bhagwan, human society was guided from: - Simple, natural enjoyment - To organized life with agriculture, trade, arts, and social rules (Karma‑bhumi).

1. Population description in Jain view

- Texts say that in the very beginning, the population was small, and as time went on it gradually increased. ( jainqq.org) - They do not give a specific number like “so many crores of people on earth” in the way modern demography does. - The focus of Jain scriptures is on: - Quality of life (happiness/sorrow) - Height, age, spiritual condition - The role of Tirthankaras in organizing society and not on exact population counts.

1. Both Digambar and Shvetambar view

- Both agree that: - Adinath Bhagwan lived in the very ancient, highly prosperous era of this Avasarpini. ( jainknowledge.com) - Humans had extraordinary height and life‑span, and society was being organized for the first time under his guidance. - There may be small differences in narrative details, but no tradition gives a fixed “population number” for that time.

So, according to Jain dharma, we can say:

• Human population in Adinath Bhagwan’s time was relatively small at the very beginning and grew as time passed,
• But no exact numerical figure is preserved in the main Jain scriptures.

If you want to read more about the era of Adinath Bhagwan, you can see a simple explanation here: