According to Jainism:

1. Who created this universe?

- No one created it. - Jain Dharma clearly says there is no creator God who made or controls the universe. - The universe runs by its own natural laws and karma, not by the will of a supreme creator.

1. Where / how did it start?

- It never “started”. - The universe (loka) is eternal (anādi-ananta) – without beginning and without end. - The basic substances of reality – - Jīva (souls) and - Ajīva (matter, space, time, motion-medium, rest-medium) – have always existed. They continuously change forms, but they are never created from nothing and never destroyed into nothing.

1. What about God, devas, Tirthankars?

- Jainism accepts devas (heavenly beings) and liberated souls (Siddhas, Tirthankars). - But none of them are creators of the universe. - A Siddha is a completely pure, liberated soul – perfect knower, not a creator.

1. Digambar & Shvetambar view

- Both traditions agree on this basic point: - The universe is beginningless and endless. - No personal God created it. - They may differ in some details of cosmology (exact structure, measurements, etc.), but not about a creator.

In simple words:

• Jainism does not ask, “Who created the universe?”
• It says: The universe simply is – eternal, governed by karma and natural law.
• Our main work is not to find a creator, but to purify our own soul and reach liberation (moksha).