Why there are different chovisis
In Jain Dharma, “Chovisi” means the set of 24 Tirthankars. You hear of “different chovisis” for three main reasons:
1) Different time-cycles
- Time moves in endless cycles with two halves: Avasarpini (descending) and Utsarpini (ascending).
- In every half‑cycle, exactly 24 Tirthankars appear. So there are past (Atīt), present (Vartamān) and future (Anāgat) chovisis. The names differ across cycles because the 24 souls are different in each half‑cycle.
2) Different regions (kshetras)
- In Jambudvip there are areas like Bharat, Airavat and Mahāvideh. Each eligible region gets its own set of 24 Tirthankars in the proper eras. So the chovisi of Bharat (Rishabh to Mahavir) is different from the living chovisis in Mahāvideh, etc.
3) Different devotional hymns called “Chovisi”
- Many poets composed “Chovisi” stutis/sthavans in different languages and meters. The wording varies, but all praise the same 24 Tirthankars of a given list.
Digambar–Shvetambar note
- Both traditions fully agree that there are 24 Tirthankars in each half‑cycle. They differ only in a few historical details (for example, Mallinath’s gender, some parent names, emblems), not in the count or the principle of chovisi.
For simple reading on these points: