“Tivihar Pachchhan” (also spelled Tivihar Pachkhan) means taking a formal Jain vow (pachchhan) of “three-fold restraint.”

• Ti = three
• Vihar = conduct related to intake/movement
• Pachchhan = vow/resolve

Common Shvetambar practice:

• Tivihar Upvās Pachchhan: resolve to give up the three kinds of food (asana—swallowed, khaiyam—chewed, saiyam—licked) for the specified period; only adequately boiled, cooled water is permitted during the day within the allowed time window. This is a discipline to reduce himsā, curb attachment, and focus on sādhanā. ( jaintreasures.org.uk, jainliterature.weebly.com)

Usage notes:

• In many lay communities “Tivihar Pachchhan” is used for the upvās described above.
• Some regions colloquially extend it to “three restraints after sunset” (food, drink, and unnecessary movement), but the primary, text-based usage is the upvās of giving up three kinds of food, with only boiled water allowed at prescribed times. For timings and categories of fasts, see standard listings of Jain fasts. ( en.wikipedia.org)

Essence:

• It is a self-imposed limit to minimize violence, increase self-control, and purify the mind, undertaken with right intent and observed for the vowed duration.

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